This issue of reproductive medicine news presents current research and data from reviews and meta-analyses on the study and innovative methods of treating diseases of the reproductive system, presented in leading international periodicals.

A significant decrease in estrogen levels due to the onset of menopause is the cause of the development of clinically significant symptoms of climacteric syndrome, which significantly impair the quality of life, and also refers to factors that increase long-term cardiometabolic risks. According to the current Russian clinical recommendations, menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is considered as the most effective method for the correction of climacteric disorders.

An Interdisciplinary Expert Council was convened in the last quarter of 2025 to study the topical issues of managing patients in the peri-and postmenopausal periods and the specifics of prescribing MHT in various clinical situations, the main task of which was to optimize scientifically based algorithms for the management of patients with climacteric/postovariectomy syndromes. Based on the results of work by national and international specialists representing various fields of medicine, a consensus document was approved regulating the principles for prescribing HRT/MHT to women with concomitant somatic pathology.

The present algorithm has been created and proposed for clinical using due to collaboration of Russian society of obstetricians and gynecologists, Russian Association Of Endocrinologists, International Association of Obstetricians-Gynecologists and Endocrinologists, National Association of Obstetricians-Gynecologists and Reproductologists "Women’s Health", Interdisciplinary Association of Healthy Aging Specialists, Interdisciplinary Association of Reproductive Medicine Specialists "MARS", Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of St. Petersburg and the North-Western Region and Interdisciplinary Association of Specialists in Anti-Aging Medicine.

This article presents a clinical case of hyperandrogenism in a 19-year-old female patient. She presented with pronounced symptoms and was found to be a heterozygous carrier of three pathogenic variants in the CYP21A2 gene. Hyperandrogenism was confirmed by laboratory tests, and imaging studies of the adrenal glands and ovaries were performed. Steroid profiling of 24-hour urine gas chromatography-mass spectrometry indicated an ovarian source of hyperandrogenism. Additional genetic testing revealed that the patient’s mother is a compound heterozygote for four pathogenic variants. A gene conversion event resulted in the patient carrying three heterozygous pathogenic variants on a single chromosome. The final diagnosis was polycystic ovary syndrome. Given her status as a heterozygous carriage in the 21-hydroxylase gene, she was prescribed a combined oral contraceptive, which proved effective. This case underscores the diagnostic challenge in differentiating between polycystic ovary syndrome and nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia in patients with hyperandrogenism.

Isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is a heterogeneous group of rare hereditary disorders characterized by impaired gonadotropin secretion, leading to delayed or absent puberty, reduced fertility, and infertility. In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in understanding the molecular genetic mechanisms underlying hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: more than 40 candidate genes have been identified, among which the WD‑repeat containing protein 11 ( WDR11 ) gene plays a key role. Advances in genetic diagnostics and the improvement of assisted reproductive technology (ART) programs expand the possibilities for personalized therapy in patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. This paper presents two clinical cases of patients from the same family with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism caused by a mutation in the WDR11 gene, demonstrating different clinical manifestations and treatment strategies.

The present article contains the most actual (according to year 2026) information about initiation, providing and efficacy control of menopausal hormonal therapy and contraception among females with diabetes mellitus. The present data have been collected and presented according to results of completed mecical researches, actual international and Russian national recommendations for treament of diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2, many years of comorbity treatment experience in the Endocrinology Research Centre (Moscow, Russia)